Drone footage has confirmed that Ukrainian assault destroyed a 5P85SM2-01 self-propelled launcher from a Russian S-400 lengthy vary air defence system in Russia’s Belgorod area, whereas damaging a second. The Normal Employees of the Armed Forces of Ukraine reported that the strike was carried out on December 14, and concentrating on an S-400 system operated by the 568th Anti-Plane Missile Regiment of the Russian Aerospace Forces. The Ukrainian fifteenth Separate Artillery Reconnaissance Brigade, referred to as ‘Black Forest,’ was credited with launching the assault. The impacts of the strikes stay restricted, with launchers being essentially the most expendable and by far the least pricey components of any S-400 programs, whereas every launcher holds simply 4 surface-to-air missiles when totally armed. Personnel allotted to the launch autos even have considerably decrease coaching necessities than these allotted to extra pricey and sophisticated components of the programs such because the radars and command posts.
Regardless of the restricted significance of the strike itself, it served to focus on a key vulnerability of the S-400 system, specifically its restricted suitability for defending towards very small low worth targets comparable to drones. This situation has equally affected different excessive worth air defence programs, together with the S-400’s Western counterpart the MIM-104 Patriot when deployed in each Jap Europe and within the Center East. The S-400 was notably not designed to be deployed alone, however somewhat as a part of a community alongside brief and medium vary air defence programs higher suited to participating low worth targets, and ideally alongside plane as effectively which give complementary elevated sensor protection.
Positions housing S-400 programs have been focused in drone strikes on a number of events, with assaults on Russia’s Khmeimim Airbase in Syria by Turkish-backed Al Qaeda linked insurgents within the 2010s being persistently repelled primarily utilizing Pantsir air defence fight autos. These use a lot decrease value brief vary surface-to-air missiles and autocannons to interact such targets. Extra just lately, Russian forces have begun to utilise Chinese language-supplied Silent Hunter 30 kW laser weapons with optical concentrating on sensors to offer a defence towards drone assaults, as confirmed by footage in Could 2025. Techniques such because the Chinese language SkyShield have additionally been developed to mix laser weapons and digital warfare programs for a multi-layered anti-drone defence.
Whereas the S-400 is a extremely versatile system able to participating all varieties of cruise missiles, intermediate, medium, and brief vary ballistic missiles, and all varieties of manned air-breathing plane, its limitations towards low worth targets have made assist from programs just like the Pantsir and Silent Hunter important. This highlights the truth that in trendy warfare, no single system may be relied on to safe land, sea or airspace towards a extremely succesful adversary, with the efficient use of complementary property being very important to the survival and efficient utilisation of any single system. The Russian Armed Forces have in the meantime maintained their skill to soak up losses of S-400 programs by considerably growing manufacturing, which has additionally allowed exports of the programs to proceed.
